Regulation & Compliance
Rules, regulators and market conduct.
- Annual General MeetingAGMThe yearly meeting where shareholders receive accounts, vote on directors and other ordinary company business.
- Audit CommitteeA board committee that oversees financial reporting, internal controls and the relationship with external auditors.
- Bill of LadingB/LA transport document that acts as a receipt for shipped goods, evidence of the carriage contract, and often a title document needed to claim the cargo.
- Board of DirectorsThe group elected by shareholders to oversee management, set strategy direction and protect the company's long term interests.
- Capital Marketየካፒታል ገበያThe market where long-term funds are raised and traded through instruments such as shares and bonds.
- Correspondent BankingAn arrangement where one bank holds accounts and provides payment services for another bank, especially to reach foreign currencies and overseas markets.
- DefaultFailure to meet a debt obligation, such as missing an interest or principal payment.
- Due DiligenceCareful research into a company or deal before you invest money or sign a contract.
- Extraordinary General MeetingEGMA shareholder meeting called outside the annual cycle to decide urgent or special company business.
- GuaranteeA promise by one party to cover another party's debt or obligation if that party fails to perform.
- IndemnityThe principle that insurance should restore you financially after a loss, not leave you better off than before.
- Insurance ClaimA formal request to an insurer for payment after a loss that your policy says is covered.
- Minority ShareholderAn owner whose stake is too small to control the company alone, relying on law and governance for fair treatment.
- Over the CounterOTCTrading done directly between parties rather than through a central exchange order book.
- Payment GatewaySoftware that securely passes card or wallet payment details from a merchant site or app to the banks and networks that settle the charge.
- PolicyholderThe person or firm named on an insurance contract who owns the policy and pays the premium.
- PremiumThe regular price you pay an insurer to keep a policy active and stay covered for the risks named in the contract.
- Proxy VoteA vote cast on your behalf at a shareholder meeting by someone you appoint when you cannot attend yourself.
- TakeoverWhen one company gains control of another, usually by buying enough shares or agreeing a purchase of the whole firm.
- TariffA schedule of taxes or charges on imports or exports, set by product category to raise revenue or protect local producers.
- UnderwriterThe specialist who decides whether an insurer will accept a risk, on what terms, and at what premium.
- UnderwritingIn capital markets, the process where an intermediary helps price and sell a new issue of securities, often taking on placement risk.
- Voting RightsThe power attached to some shares to vote on company matters such as directors, major deals, or share issues.
- XBRLXBRLA standard digital language for tagging financial report data so software can read, compare, and check company filings.